TUNING FORK FOR FRACTURE SERIES
The QUADAS-2 is an updated version of the original QUADAS and focuses on both the risk of bias and applicability of a study through a series of questions. All relevant articles were included and assessed for inclusion criteria and value using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool, and relevant data were extracted. Potentially eligible studies were independently assessed by 2 researchers. Studies were not eligible if they were case series, case-control studies, or narrative review papers. Studies included patients of all ages in all clinical settings with no exclusion for language of publication. Studies were eligible based on the following criteria: (1) primary studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of tuning forks (2) measured against a recognized reference standard such as magnetic resonance imaging, x-ray, or bone scan and (3) the outcome was reported using pain or reduction of sound. The following key words were used independently or in combination: auscultation, barford test, exp fractures, fracture, tf test, tuning fork. In addition, they manually searched reference lists from the initial search result to identify relevant studies. The authors performed a comprehensive literature search of AMED, CINAHL, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science from each database's start to November 2012. 2014 4(8):e005238.ĭoes evidence support the use of tuning-fork tests in the diagnosis of fractures in clinical practice? Is there sufficient evidence for tuning fork tests in diagnosing fractures? A systematic review. Mugunthan K, Doust J, Kurz B, Glasziou P.
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